Vacuum arc-lamp.



PA'TENTED NOV. 15,A 1904. H. EMONDS.

VACUUM ARG LAMP.

APPLIUATION FILED JAN. so, 1904.

N0 MODEL.

, UNITED STATES Patented November 15, 1904.

HUBERT EMONDS, OE AIX-LA-CHAPELLE, GERMANY.

VACUUM ARC-LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Iatent No. 774,836, dated November 15, 1904.

Application lejddanuary 30, 1904. Serial No. 191,395. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

do hereby declare the following to be a full,

clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to whichit appertains to make and use the same.

My present invention relates to arc-lamps, and particularly to that class thereof especially designed for very lengthy burning periods and provided with an hermetically-closedY chambercontaining a good vacuum, in which chamber the carbon electrodes, as well as the electromagnetic device for holding the upper carbon electrode, are suitably arranged. ln this new arc-lamp the solenoids do not influence the soft-iron core surrounding the upper carbon electrode within the vertical extension of said closed chamber directlyrbut instead of it these solenoids operate an annular polepiece surrounding said vertical extension of the closed chamber, which annular pole-piece in turn magnetically iniuences the incased core. By means of this arrangement it is possible to retard the upward movement of the annular pole-piece by the aid of air-cushions in such a manner as to prevent the rupturing of the arc of light formed upon sending the electric current through the solenoids or electromagnetic coils.

The accompanying drawing shows a verti- Acal sectional View of the dlagrammaticallyrepresented new arc-lamp.

To the mounting a is suitably secured the metallic casing I), provided with inside' thread for the reception of the threaded upper part of the metallic cap 0,'secured to the upper end of the vertical extension CZ of the chamber e. This extension CZ may either form an integral part of said chamber, as shown here, or it may be secured thereto in any suitable manner and made of material diiering from the material of the chamber e. The bottom of the latter is suitably closed by. a plug f, sup- .break the lines'of magnetic force.

porting the lower carbon electrode g. To the web of the cap o is attached the one end of a helical spring vi, while the other end therej of is secured to the upper end of the upper carbon electrode f, guided by the narrow neck Zof the vertical extension Z and by the shoulder m, formed at the junction of the chamber c and its vertical extension CZ, in which is arranged the softiron core a of annular shape, surrounding the upper carbon electrode 71:. The core n is provided with a clutch 0, hinged tothe under side thereof for taking hold of the upper carbon electrode la at the opportune moment. To the under side of the mounting a are also secured the solenoids or electromagnetic coils p and g, within which play the vertical projections 1' of the annular pole-piece s, inclosing the vertical extension d of the chamber e directly opposite to the inclosed core a and shaped, as shown, to As these projections r act as cores to the electromagnetic coils, they will draw the annular polepiece s upward as soon as an electric current is sent through the lamp, which current upon entering the electromagnetic coil p by way of the wire t willjiiow through this coil p, pass over to the other electromagnetic coil q, thence by way of wire u to the metallic casing from where it is led, by means of the metallic cap c and helical spring t', to the upper carbon electrode and after bridging the space between the latter and the lower carbon electrode and forming the arc of light Vwill low through the last-named electrode move upward the clutch 0 thereoil will assume an inclined position, because of being hinged at one side to the core n and having a bore w larger in diameter than the upper carbon electrode c, surrounded by said clutch.

IOO

the upward motion of the core n continues a part of the upper edge of the bore w and also a part of the under edg'e thereof will take hold of the carbon electrode 71; and lift it bodily upward, whereby the are of light is formed. To prevent the rupture of the are of light by a sudden motion of the upper carbon electrode, the projections i' are arranged and work within the electromagnetic coils 22 and I] in such a manner that between the upper ends of said projections f1" and the under side of the mounting ct air-cushions fr are formed capable of energetically retarding the upward motion of said projections i', and consequently of the pole-piece As the softiron core fn, surrounds and carries the upper carbon electrode by means of its clutch o, it is of course compelled to retard its upward motion too, thereby preventing with absolute certainty the rupture of the newly-forming are of light.

As the carbon electrodes of this class of arclamps wear oli very slowly, because of being arranged within a chamber containing' a vacuum, the position of the upper carbon electrode will change but very slowly on account of the slow combustion of this upper carbon electrode; but as soon as the lower edge of the clutch o touches the shoulder in, of the chamber e the clutch o will drop the carbon electrode and assume the position shown in the drawing, thus permitting the upper carbon electrode to contact again with the lower carbon electrode and then be quickly elevated again to its former position in a manner well known.

Upon cutting' oli' the electric current the core nv will become demagnctized and drop, whereby the upper carbon electrode and the clutch o will become disengaged, as described above, thus permitting the contact of the carbon electrodes with each other. The raising of the upper carbon electrode will take place in the manner described before as soon as the electric current is admitted again to the electromagnetic coils.

I do not desire to limit myself to the precise construction and arrangement of parts shown, as it is obvious that various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of my invention.

I claim l. In an arc-lamp, the combination of an inclosing' chamber for the upper and lower electrodes, an armature and clutch mechanism for the upper electrode in said inclosing chamber, and electromagnetic means comprising a Inovable pole-piece held in proximity to an inclosing chamber including an armature and clutch mechanism, as and for the purpose described.

2. In an arc-lamp, an inclosing' chamber for the electrodes, an armature and clutch mechanism for one of said electrodes within said chamber, and electromagnetic means without said chamber comprising a solenoid having a movable pole-piece for actuating said clutch mechanism, as and for the purpose described.

3. In an arc-lamp in combination, a closed chamber containing' the electrodes, an extension on said chamber acting' as aguide for the upper carbon, and a carrier for the clutch mechanism, a solenoid, a movable core therefor, provided with an extension constituting a movable pole-piece in proximity to the extension of the inclosing chamber, a soft-iron armature guided in said extension, and moving with the movable pole-piece, and a clutch carried by said armature, as and for the purpose described.

LI. In a vacuum arc-lamp, a closed chamber containing' the electrodes, a clutch for one of said electrodes, an armature connected to said clutch and guided within the said closed chamber,electromagnetic means without said chamber comprising a movable pole-piece for actuating' the clutch-armature, and moved responsively to changes in the lamp-circuit, and means for retarding the movement of the movable pole-piece, as and for the purpose described. 4

1n testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specilieation in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HUBERT EMONDS.

fitnessesz HENRY QUADFLIEG, E. M. BRUNDAGE. 

